DevOps untuk Developer: CI/CD Pipeline dengan GitHub Actions

Continuous Integration dan Continuous Deployment (CI/CD) adalah praktik essential untuk developer modern. GitHub Actions membuatnya mudah dan gratis untuk project open source.

Apa itu CI/CD?

• CI (Continuous Integration): Otomatis build dan test setiap kali ada push/PR
• CD (Continuous Deployment): Otomatis deploy ke production setelah test pass

Pipeline 1: Next.js Project

# .github/workflows/nextjs-ci.yml
name: Next.js CI/CD

on:
  push:
    branches: [main, develop]
  pull_request:
    branches: [main]

jobs:
  build-and-test:
    runs-on: ubuntu-latest

    steps:
      - uses: actions/checkout@v4

      - name: Setup Node.js
        uses: actions/setup-node@v4
        with:
          node-version: '20'
          cache: 'npm'

      - name: Install dependencies
        run: npm ci

      - name: Run linter
        run: npm run lint

      - name: Build
        run: npm run build
        env:
          DATABASE_URL: ${{ secrets.DATABASE_URL }}

      - name: Run tests
        run: npm test --if-present

  deploy:
    needs: build-and-test
    runs-on: ubuntu-latest
    if: github.ref == 'refs/heads/main'

    steps:
      - uses: actions/checkout@v4

      - name: Deploy to Vercel
        uses: amondnet/vercel-action@v25
        with:
          vercel-token: ${{ secrets.VERCEL_TOKEN }}
          vercel-org-id: ${{ secrets.VERCEL_ORG_ID }}
          vercel-project-id: ${{ secrets.VERCEL_PROJECT_ID }}
          vercel-args: '--prod'

Pipeline 2: Laravel Project

# .github/workflows/laravel-ci.yml
name: Laravel CI/CD

on:
  push:
    branches: [main]
  pull_request:
    branches: [main]

jobs:
  tests:
    runs-on: ubuntu-latest

    services:
      postgres:
        image: postgres:16
        env:
          POSTGRES_USER: postgres
          POSTGRES_PASSWORD: postgres
          POSTGRES_DB: testing
        ports:
          - 5432:5432

    steps:
      - uses: actions/checkout@v4

      - name: Setup PHP
        uses: shivammathur/setup-php@v2
        with:
          php-version: '8.3'
          extensions: pdo_pgsql

      - name: Install Composer Dependencies
        run: composer install --no-progress --prefer-dist

      - name: Generate key
        run: php artisan key:generate --env=testing

      - name: Run migrations
        run: php artisan migrate --env=testing
        env:
          DB_CONNECTION: pgsql
          DB_HOST: localhost
          DB_PORT: 5432
          DB_DATABASE: testing
          DB_USERNAME: postgres
          DB_PASSWORD: postgres

      - name: Run tests
        run: php artisan test
        env:
          DB_CONNECTION: pgsql
          DB_HOST: localhost

Best Practices

1. Branch protection — Wajib PR dan review sebelum merge ke main
2. Environment secrets — Simpan credentials di GitHub Secrets
3. Cache dependencies — Percepat build dengan caching
4. Parallel jobs — Jalankan test secara parallel
5. Status badges — Tampilkan build status di repository

Kesimpulan

GitHub Actions membuat CI/CD accessible untuk semua developer. Mulai dari project kecil hingga enterprise, otomatisasi build-test-deploy akan meningkatkan kualitas dan kecepatan delivery Anda.